Market-friendly regulatory instruments can transform the trade-off between environmental quality and growth, if these instruments are properly designed and implemented,. The benefits of market-friendly regulation mentioned above, of meeting environmental goals and lowering abatement costs, depend on the development of an active emissions market with complete compliance. Piloting a market-friendly emissions scheme as a regulatory experiment in several states, covering critically polluted areas, would therefore provide important proof of the viability of this form of regulation in the Indian context